The terrain of the Changsha City is high in the west and low in the east. There are many mountainous areas in the west and in the north, and the Xiangjiang River flows south to northwest. It belongs to monsoon climate of sub-tropical zone with annual average temperature being 17.5oC, annual average precipitation being 1387 mm., and frost-free period being 280 days. It abounds in agricultural and acquatic resources. There are coal, iron, copper, porcelain clay, manganese and tungsten etc. mineral resources, and Liuyang is the important producing area for Chinese phosphorous ore.

The industries of this city are mainly machine building, food and textile. So far as the cigarette making industry is concerned, it is the important producing area. Liuyang is the biggest fireworks and fire-crackers producing area of China. The agriculture is developed here which abounds in producing rice, tea leaves, oranges, tangerines, rape, rapeseeds, peanut, day lily, live pig and fresh water fish etc. The tea leave output is among the top of the whole country.

Changsha City is the famous city of historical culture in China. Its Yuelu Academy of classical Learning was established in the Song Dynasty, being the first government run university in China. Besides, there are picturesque Yuelu Mountain and Jiezizhou (tangerine land) etc. scenic spots. Famous specialties of tradition are Xiangxiu (Hunan embroidery), brass or copper wares, tea set, orange and tangerine etc.